Aquarium Maturation

Aquarium Water Cycling

During the maturation stage your aquarium water will undergo some chemical changes as bacteria levels increase.

Aquarium maturation is complete when bacteria have colonized the filtration system, gravel and other surfaces.

These bacteria oxidize highly toxic ammonia into less harmful nitrogen compounds.

It is a two step process where different varieties of bacteria facilitate the reactions.

Ammonia > Nitrite > Nitrate

Nitrosomas bacteria begin the process by using ammonia and releasing nitrite. Nitrobacter use this nitrite and release nitrate. Both of these bacteria require oxygen to complete these reactions making them aerobic in nature. When considered collectively these micro-organisms are often referred to as nitrifying bacteria.

There are several methods to help speed up this aquarium maturation process. These may be useful but are not essential. If you have a friend with a matured aquarium it is time to go for a visit. Check that there is no sickness or algae in their tank. By borrowing a small amount of filter material from the older aquarium it will act as seed for your new filter. Keep the filter material submerged in water from the old tank and prevent temperature fluctuations while transporting. Aquarium water can also be borrowed to give your aquarium a head start.

These methods will be most effective where the original aquarium has similar water conditions to your new fish tank. Temperature and PH fluctuations can upset useful bacteria as much as they can affect fish. Adjust your aquarium water to match the old tank then gradually change PH as required.

Commercial aquarium bacteria starters are available also. These are often dried powders made from the spores of selected bacterial strains. After adding these bacteria to the aquarium the maturation period can be reduced.

During the aquarium maturation process you will notice some visual changes in your water quality. Water may become clouded in the beginning but should change to crystal clear with time.

Ensuring an aquarium has sufficiently matured requires patience, but following these water cycling techniques will reward you with the best environment for your new fish.

http://www.e-aquarium.com.au/aquarium_maturation.htm